oracle 字符集
oracle查看字符集
select * from v$nls_parameters where parameter = 'NLS_CHARACTERSET'
select * from v$nls_parameters where parameter = 'NLS NCHAR CHARACTERSE'
修改字符集步骤
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
ALTER SESSION SET SQL_TRACE=TRUE;
ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
alter database character set AL32UTF8;
若报错ORA-12712，则需要选择当前字符集的超级或者使用如下方式强制转换
ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE AL32UTF8;
修改完成后在重启数据库
shutdown immediate ;
startup;
character和national character
alter database character set internal_use XXXX;
alter database national character set internal_use XXXXX;
character和national character参考